The book of Acts tells the story of the early church, filled with bold faith, miracles, and intense opposition. In Acts 6, we see a critical moment in church history—the appointment of seven men to serve and the rising conflict against Stephen, a man full of faith and the Holy Spirit. His boldness in speaking the truth leads to false accusations and a dramatic confrontation that sets the stage for one of the most powerful testimonies in Scripture.
Before Acts 6, the apostles were spreading the gospel rapidly. Thousands were coming to faith, but challenges arose. The church faced internal struggles, including complaints about unfair treatment in daily food distributions. Meanwhile, opposition from Jewish leaders was growing. This chapter marks a turning point as the apostles delegate responsibilities, and Stephen emerges as a key figure in early Christianity.
Acts is a book about God’s power at work through His people. It teaches us about faith, service, and the cost of standing for truth. As you explore Acts 6, consider what it means to boldly follow Christ in your life. How does Stephen’s example challenge your faith? What can you learn from the early church’s unity and perseverance? Let’s dive in and discover these answers together.
Bible Study Guide on Acts 6: What You Will Learn
- The growing needs of the early church and how the apostles addressed them.
- The importance of delegation and the role of the seven chosen men.
- Stephen’s character, faith, and ministry.
- The opposition against Stephen and the false accusations brought against him.
- How Stephen’s boldness in faith challenged religious leaders.
- The role of the Holy Spirit in empowering believers to stand for truth.
- Lessons on serving God faithfully, even in the face of persecution.
As we study Acts 6, let’s ask for God’s guidance in understanding His Word and applying it to our lives.
Short Prayer for Guidance
Heavenly Father,
Help us understand Your Word and see the lessons You want us to learn from Acts 6. Give us wisdom to apply these teachings in our daily lives. Strengthen our faith, just as You strengthened Stephen, so that we may stand firm in truth and love. Thank You for guiding us.
Amen.
Acts 6: Background & Context
Prolog
The book of Acts continues the story of Jesus’ ministry through His apostles. Written as a sequel to the Gospel of Luke, it details the birth and growth of the early church. The Holy Spirit empowers believers, miracles confirm the message, and the gospel spreads beyond Jerusalem.
Before Acts 6, the apostles faced persecution, but the church continued to grow. In Acts 5, the apostles were arrested and miraculously freed. They boldly preached, despite threats from religious leaders. This sets the stage for Acts 6, where internal challenges arise, leading to significant developments in church leadership.
Historical Context
The book of Acts was written by Luke, a physician and companion of Paul. It was likely composed between A.D. 60–70. This period was marked by Roman rule, Jewish opposition to Christianity, and the expansion of the gospel. The events in Acts 6 take place in Jerusalem, where the church was rapidly growing and facing both external persecution and internal struggles.
Key People & Places
- The Apostles – The original followers of Jesus who led the early church and made key decisions.
- The Seven Chosen Men – Seven faithful men, including Stephen and Philip, chosen to serve the church and address the needs of the growing congregation.
- Stephen – A man full of faith and the Holy Spirit, known for his wisdom, miracles, and bold preaching. His confrontation with the Jewish leaders leads to his martyrdom.
- The Synagogue of the Freedmen – A group of Jewish leaders who opposed Stephen and accused him of blasphemy.
- Jerusalem – The center of early Christianity and the location of the events in Acts 6. The church was expanding, but tensions with Jewish authorities were increasing.
A Comprehensive Overview Of Acts 6
Reading the Passage
Before diving into the study, take a moment to read Acts 6 aloud. Speaking Scripture helps in understanding its flow and meaning. It allows you to engage with the text deeply and notice details you might overlook when reading silently. Pay attention to the key figures, conflicts, and themes as you read.
Verse-by-Verse Explanation
#1. The Choosing of the Seven (Acts 6:1-7)
Verse 1
“Now in those days, when the number of the disciples was multiplying, there arose a complaint against the Hebrews by the Hellenists, because their widows were neglected in the daily distribution.” (Acts 6:1, NKJV)
The early church was growing rapidly, but with growth came challenges. The Hellenists, Greek-speaking Jewish Christians, felt their widows were being overlooked in the food distribution. This led to tension between them and the Hebrew-speaking Jews. The apostles had to address this issue to maintain unity in the church.
Explanation: The phrase “when the number of the disciples was multiplying” shows how quickly Christianity was spreading. However, with expansion came administrative issues. The “Hellenists” were Jews from outside Israel who spoke Greek, while the “Hebrews” were native Aramaic-speaking Jews. The “daily distribution” refers to the early church’s practice of providing for needy members. The complaint indicated that cultural divisions threatened church unity, requiring leadership intervention.
Verse 2
“Then the twelve summoned the multitude of the disciples and said, ‘It is not desirable that we should leave the word of God and serve tables.'” (Acts 6:2, NKJV)
The apostles recognized the growing need but understood their primary calling was preaching the Word. They gathered the disciples and explained that their focus must remain on teaching and prayer. This decision did not downplay serving others but emphasized the importance of delegation in ministry.
Explanation: The apostles, as leaders, had a responsibility to teach and spread the gospel. Their statement does not mean serving tables was unimportant but highlights the need for different roles in the church. The phrase “not desirable” means it would not be beneficial for them to neglect their mission. This verse shows the wisdom of leadership—knowing when to delegate tasks to maintain both spiritual and practical priorities.
Verse 3
“Therefore, brethren, seek out from among you seven men of good reputation, full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business.” (Acts 6:3, NKJV)
The apostles instructed the church to choose seven men who were spiritually mature and wise. These men would take responsibility for food distribution, ensuring fairness and unity among believers. The requirements showed that even practical service in the church required spiritual maturity.
Explanation: Leadership in the church is not just about ability but also about character. The apostles required men of “good reputation,” meaning they were trustworthy and respected. Being “full of the Holy Spirit” indicated a life led by God. Wisdom was essential because they would be managing resources and resolving conflicts. The phrase “whom we may appoint” shows that while the people would choose, the apostles would confirm the decision, ensuring unity and order.
Verse 4
“But we will give ourselves continually to prayer and to the ministry of the word.” (Acts 6:4, NKJV)
The apostles reaffirmed their calling—to pray and teach the Word. Their priority was to ensure spiritual growth in the church. They recognized that while practical service was important, their focus needed to remain on preaching and interceding for the believers.
Explanation: Effective leadership requires focus. The apostles knew their role and committed to it fully. “Give ourselves continually” means dedicating themselves entirely without distraction. “Prayer” was essential because spiritual battles required divine guidance. “Ministry of the word” referred to teaching, preaching, and guiding new believers in the faith. This verse highlights the balance between practical service and spiritual leadership in the church.
Verse 5
“And the saying pleased the whole multitude. And they chose Stephen, a man full of faith and the Holy Spirit, and Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolas, a proselyte from Antioch.” (Acts 6:5, NKJV)
The church agreed with the apostles’ decision and selected seven men. Stephen stood out as a man of great faith. The mention of “a proselyte from Antioch” shows that the early church included converted Gentiles, highlighting its diverse nature.
Explanation: The unity of the church is seen in the phrase “pleased the whole multitude,” showing that the decision was accepted by all. Stephen is introduced here as a key figure in Acts, setting the stage for his later testimony. Philip later becomes an evangelist. The other five men are less known, but their selection shows the church’s commitment to appointing spiritually strong leaders. Nicolas being a proselyte suggests the gospel was already reaching beyond Jews.
Verse 6
“Whom they set before the apostles; and when they had prayed, they laid hands on them.” (Acts 6:6, NKJV)
The apostles prayed for and laid hands on the chosen men, commissioning them for service. This act symbolized God’s blessing and empowerment for their new role.
Explanation: The early church emphasized prayer in every decision. “They set before the apostles” indicates that the final approval came from church leaders. Laying on of hands was a biblical practice for commissioning and blessing. It signified spiritual empowerment and a public recognition of their authority. This verse teaches that church service, even practical roles, requires God’s blessing and spiritual dedication.
Verse 7
“Then the word of God spread, and the number of the disciples multiplied greatly in Jerusalem, and a great many of the priests were obedient to the faith.” (Acts 6:7, NKJV)
The result of their decision was remarkable growth. The gospel spread even more, and many Jewish priests converted to Christianity. This showed the effectiveness of the apostles’ focus on preaching and the wise delegation of responsibilities.
Explanation: When the church functions in order, growth follows. “The word of God spread” means more people heard and accepted the gospel. “Multiplied greatly” indicates a rapid increase in believers. The mention of “priests” converting is significant—these were religious leaders who once opposed Jesus. Their acceptance of the faith demonstrates the power of God’s truth overcoming tradition and resistance.
Seeing Yourself in the Narrative
Church growth comes with challenges, just as in Acts 6. Conflicts, misunderstandings, and leadership struggles still exist today. But like the early church, we must handle these issues with wisdom, unity, and prayer. Delegation and trust in others are crucial in any ministry. Are you open to serving where God calls you?
Stephen and the other chosen men were faithful in both small and great tasks. They served the church, and God used them for even bigger things. Stephen’s journey began with serving tables, but it led to a powerful testimony. Your faithfulness in small responsibilities can lead to greater impact. Are you willing to be used by God, no matter the role?
#2. Stephen’s Ministry and Opposition (Acts 6:8-15)
Verse 8
“And Stephen, full of faith and power, did great wonders and signs among the people.” (Acts 6:8, NKJV)
Stephen was not only a servant but also a man of great faith. God worked through him, allowing him to perform miracles. His ministry extended beyond distributing food—he boldly proclaimed the gospel and demonstrated God’s power.
Explanation: Stephen’s description as “full of faith and power” shows his deep trust in God and the authority given to him by the Holy Spirit. The “great wonders and signs” indicate that God validated his ministry through miracles. This was significant because miracles confirmed the message of Christ. Stephen, though chosen to serve practical needs, was also an evangelist. His life proves that all believers, not just apostles, can be used mightily by God.
Verse 9
“Then there arose some from what is called the Synagogue of the Freedmen (Cyrenians, Alexandrians, and those from Cilicia and Asia), disputing with Stephen.” (Acts 6:9, NKJV)
Stephen’s bold ministry stirred opposition. Jews from various regions, belonging to a synagogue of freed slaves, argued with him. They could not accept his message about Jesus.
Explanation: The “Synagogue of the Freedmen” refers to a Jewish group composed of former slaves and their descendants. They came from Cyrene, Alexandria, Cilicia, and Asia, representing a mix of cultures and backgrounds. Their opposition to Stephen suggests they saw his message as a threat to their traditions. This dispute mirrors the frequent conflicts between early Christians and Jewish authorities. Even today, standing for truth can bring resistance from those deeply rooted in their beliefs.
Verse 10
“And they were not able to resist the wisdom and the Spirit by which he spoke.” (Acts 6:10, NKJV)
Stephen’s wisdom, empowered by the Holy Spirit, left his opponents speechless. They could not argue against the truth he preached.
Explanation: Stephen’s wisdom was not human reasoning alone but divinely inspired. The Holy Spirit gave him the ability to speak with authority. His opponents had knowledge but lacked the Spirit’s power, making them unable to counter his words. This shows that true wisdom comes from God, not just education or debate skills. Like Stephen, believers must rely on the Holy Spirit when defending their faith.
Verse 11
“Then they secretly induced men to say, ‘We have heard him speak blasphemous words against Moses and God.'” (Acts 6:11, NKJV)
Since they could not defeat Stephen in debate, his enemies resorted to lies. They convinced others to falsely accuse him of blasphemy.
Explanation: False accusations were a common tactic used against Jesus and His followers. “Secretly induced” implies a deliberate plan to bring Stephen down. Claiming he spoke against Moses and God was serious because blasphemy was punishable by death under Jewish law. This verse highlights the cost of standing for truth—those who oppose it will sometimes use deception to silence God’s messengers.
Verse 12
“And they stirred up the people, the elders, and the scribes; and they came upon him, seized him, and brought him to the council.” (Acts 6:12, NKJV)
The religious leaders manipulated the crowd, creating public outrage. They arrested Stephen and took him before the Sanhedrin, the Jewish court.
Explanation: “Stirred up the people” shows how false accusations can spread quickly and cause chaos. The elders and scribes, who were supposed to uphold justice, were influenced by lies. The phrase “came upon him” suggests they acted aggressively. This event mirrors Jesus’ trial, showing that the early Christians faced the same hostility their Master did.
Verse 13
“They also set up false witnesses who said, ‘This man does not cease to speak blasphemous words against this holy place and the law.'” (Acts 6:13, NKJV)
The accusers went further, bringing in false witnesses to support their case. They claimed Stephen spoke against the temple and the Law of Moses.
Explanation: The accusation was carefully chosen to provoke outrage. The temple was central to Jewish worship, and the Law was the foundation of their faith. By claiming Stephen opposed both, they made him seem like a threat to their entire religious system. This is similar to how Jesus was accused of threatening the temple. When people cannot fight truth with reason, they often turn to falsehoods.
Verse 14
“For we have heard him say that this Jesus of Nazareth will destroy this place and change the customs which Moses delivered to us.” (Acts 6:14, NKJV)
They twisted Stephen’s message, making it seem as though he was against Jewish traditions. They accused him of claiming Jesus would destroy the temple and reject the Law.
Explanation: Stephen likely spoke about how Jesus fulfilled the Law and was greater than the temple. However, his enemies distorted his words to sound like a direct attack. This is another example of how truth can be misrepresented to serve an agenda. Even today, people twist the words of believers to make them seem dangerous or offensive.
Verse 15
“And all who sat in the council, looking steadfastly at him, saw his face as the face of an angel.” (Acts 6:15, NKJV)
As the accusations mounted, Stephen’s face radiated with divine peace. Those in the council saw something extraordinary in him.
Explanation: The phrase “face of an angel” suggests a supernatural glow or a deep sense of peace. It mirrors how Moses’ face shone after encountering God. Despite being falsely accused, Stephen remained calm and fearless. This was a visible sign that he was filled with the Holy Spirit. His expression showed that he knew he was standing for truth, regardless of the outcome.
Seeing Yourself in the Narrative
Like Stephen, you will face opposition when you boldly live for Christ. Some may challenge your beliefs. Others may twist your words. But the Holy Spirit gives wisdom and strength to those who trust in Him. Are you prepared to stand firm when your faith is tested?
Stephen’s life reminds us that faithfulness to God is more important than popularity or comfort. He did not compromise, even when falsely accused. His confidence came from knowing he was serving God, not people. When challenges come, where do you place your confidence?
Main Teachings of Acts 6
#1. God Calls Believers to Serve in Many Ways
Stephen was chosen to help with food distribution, yet God also used him to preach, perform miracles, and defend the faith. His story shows that serving God is not limited to one role. Whether through practical service, teaching, or evangelism, every believer has a purpose in God’s kingdom.
This teaches us that no act of service is insignificant. God can use a willing heart in powerful ways. Some are called to preach, others to serve behind the scenes, but all work together for His glory. Are you open to the ways God wants to use you?
#2. Spiritual Wisdom Comes from the Holy Spirit
Stephen’s wisdom was unmatched because he relied on the Holy Spirit. His opponents could not argue against his words, proving that true understanding comes from God, not human reasoning. When we are filled with the Spirit, we gain discernment, boldness, and clarity in our faith.
This challenges us to seek wisdom from God rather than the world. Studying Scripture is important, but spiritual insight comes from a deep relationship with Him. Are you depending on the Holy Spirit for wisdom in your daily life?
#3. Standing for Truth May Bring Opposition
Stephen’s faithfulness led to persecution. Even though he did nothing wrong, people lied about him and falsely accused him. This is a reality for those who stand boldly for Christ. The world often resists God’s truth because it challenges sin and false beliefs.
This reminds us that following Jesus is not always easy. There will be times when standing for truth means facing criticism or rejection. But like Stephen, we must remain firm in our faith, trusting that God will strengthen us in difficult moments.
#4. False Accusations Are a Tool of the Enemy
Stephen’s enemies could not defeat him with logic, so they resorted to lies. This pattern is seen throughout Scripture—Jesus, the apostles, and many others were falsely accused. The devil often uses deception to attack God’s people and distort the truth.
This teaches us to be discerning and prepared for spiritual battles. Lies and falsehoods can spread quickly, but God’s truth stands firm. When faced with false accusations, we must respond with integrity and trust that God sees and defends His own.
#5. The Presence of God Gives Strength in Trials
Despite facing unjust accusations, Stephen remained calm. His face shone with divine peace, showing that he was fully relying on God. His confidence came from knowing he was walking in obedience, no matter the cost.
This encourages us to trust God in difficult times. When we are falsely accused, rejected, or persecuted, we can have peace knowing that He is with us. No matter what the world does, our faith should remain unshaken because God’s presence is our strength.
#6. Faithfulness to God Matters More Than Human Approval
Stephen did not seek to please people. He was committed to honoring God, even when it led to persecution. His focus was on eternal rewards, not temporary comfort or acceptance.
This reminds us that seeking human approval can distract us from following Christ. Many will oppose biblical truth, but our responsibility is to remain faithful. Are you more concerned with pleasing God or fitting in with the world?
#7. The Church Must Be United in Purpose
Acts 6 shows how the early church worked together to solve problems and appoint new leaders. They did not allow disputes to divide them but instead found solutions that honored God. Their unity allowed the gospel to spread more effectively.
This teaches us that unity in the church is crucial. When believers work together, serving according to their gifts, the body of Christ thrives. Do you contribute to the unity of your church, or do you allow differences to cause division?
#8. God Uses Ordinary People for Extraordinary Purposes
Stephen was not an apostle or a religious leader. He was an ordinary believer chosen to serve tables, yet God used him mightily. His story proves that anyone who is faithful and full of the Spirit can be used for great things.
This encourages us not to underestimate what God can do through us. He does not call the most qualified—He qualifies the called. No matter your background, God can use you in ways you never imagined. Are you willing to let Him?
Group Discussion Questions
- Why was it important for the apostles to appoint others to handle daily distributions in Acts 6?
- How does Stephen’s example challenge our view of service in the church?
- What does Acts 6 teach us about seeking wisdom from the Holy Spirit?
- Why do you think Stephen faced such strong opposition despite doing good works?
- How should Christians respond when they are falsely accused or persecuted for their faith?
- What are some ways the early church demonstrated unity, and how can we apply that today?
- How does Stephen’s boldness in speaking truth inspire you in your own faith journey?
- Why is it important to prioritize faithfulness to God over seeking approval from others?
- In what ways can God use ordinary people like Stephen to accomplish His purposes today?
- What stood out to you the most in this chapter, and how can you apply it to your life?
How to Embody Acts 6 in Your Life
#1. Serve Where There Is a Need in Your Church or Community
In Acts 6, Stephen and six others stepped up to serve the widows who were being overlooked. They didn’t wait for a perfect opportunity; they acted where there was a need. Likewise, you can serve where help is required, even in small ways.
For example, if your church needs volunteers to clean after service, offer your help. If your community has a food pantry, sign up to distribute meals. Even helping an elderly neighbor with groceries can reflect a heart for service.
#2. Rely on the Holy Spirit for Wisdom in Conversations
Stephen was known for his wisdom, not because of his education but because he was full of the Holy Spirit. You, too, can ask the Holy Spirit for guidance, especially when speaking about faith.
For example, if a coworker asks why you believe in God, take a moment to pray silently and ask the Holy Spirit to help you answer with truth and grace. Instead of debating aggressively, share how your faith has personally changed your life.
#3. Stand Firm in Your Faith When Pressured to Compromise
Stephen boldly preached the truth, even when it put his life in danger. While you may not face death for your faith, you will likely face pressure to compromise your beliefs.
For example, if your classmates or coworkers encourage you to lie to cover up a mistake, refuse to do so, even if it costs you popularity. If social media promotes values that contradict Scripture, don’t be afraid to stand by what the Bible teaches, even if others disagree.
#4. Respond to False Accusations with Grace and Integrity
Stephen was falsely accused, yet he remained peaceful. As a believer, you will likely face misunderstandings about your faith. How you respond matters.
For example, if someone at work mocks you for not participating in gossip, don’t lash out. Instead, continue to treat them with kindness and let your actions speak for themselves. If someone spreads a false rumor about you, avoid revenge—trust that God will defend your reputation.
#5. Seek God’s Approval Over Social Acceptance
Stephen cared more about honoring God than fitting in with the religious leaders. In today’s culture, it’s easy to prioritize popularity over faithfulness.
For example, if your friends pressure you to watch a show that promotes sinful behavior, choose to walk away, even if they make fun of you. If your company promotes values that go against Scripture, politely stand your ground rather than conforming just to keep your job. Your faithfulness to God matters more than human approval.
Cross-References & Supporting Scriptures
- Matthew 5:10-12 – Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake.
- John 15:18-20 – Jesus warns that the world will hate His followers just as it hated Him.
- 1 Timothy 3:10 – Encouragement to test and appoint leaders with strong character.
- 2 Timothy 3:12 – All who desire to live godly lives in Christ will face persecution.
- James 1:5 – If anyone lacks wisdom, they should ask God, who gives generously.
- 1 Peter 3:15-16 – Be ready to give a defense for your faith with gentleness and respect.
- Romans 12:17-21 – Overcome evil with good and leave vengeance to God.
- Proverbs 11:3 – The integrity of the upright guides them, but the unfaithful are destroyed by their duplicity.
- Ephesians 6:10-13 – Put on the full armor of God to stand against spiritual attacks.
- Acts 7:55-56 – Stephen sees Jesus standing at the right hand of God, affirming his faithfulness.
A Prayer to Live According to the Teachings of Acts 6
Heavenly Father,
Thank You for the wisdom and truth found in Acts 6. Help me to serve where there is a need, just as Stephen and the other faithful men did. Fill me with the Holy Spirit so I may have wisdom, boldness, and a heart that honors You in all I do. Strengthen me to stand firm in my faith, even when I face opposition or misunderstanding.
Give me the grace to respond to challenges with integrity and love. Help me seek Your approval above all else, knowing that faithfulness to You is greater than the acceptance of the world. May my actions reflect Your truth and bring glory to Your name.
Amen.
Closing Remarks
Acts 6 teaches us powerful lessons about faith, service, and boldness in the face of opposition. Stephen’s unwavering commitment to God reminds us that true strength comes from the Holy Spirit. His life challenges us to step up where we are needed, stand firm in our beliefs, and trust God in all circumstances.
As you reflect on this chapter, consider how you can apply these lessons in your daily life. Continue your journey through Scripture by reading Acts 7, where Stephen delivers a powerful speech before his accusers. May God guide you as you grow in faith and understanding.